Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harshitaben Suva
Author-Name: Dineshkumar R Chavda
Author-Name: Sanketkumar Vachhani
Title: Financial Knowledge, Saving and Investment Behavior, and Financial Decision Making Among Salaried Women: Evidence from BKNMU, Junagadh City
Publication-Status: Published
Abstract: This research study explores the financial literacy of salaried women in Junagadh city, Gujarat. With a focus on knowledge of finance, saving and investment behavior, and financial decision making among salaried women. The main objective of the study is to determine salaried women's financial literacy and evaluate its impact on saving and investment strategies, knowledge about finances and financial decision making while considering the effect of demographic variables, including age, income and education qualification. The study is based on primary data with the help of a comprehensive and standardized questionnaire among 51 respondents. The chi-square test, graphical representation, tables and a standard percentage analysis are among the statistical techniques utilized for standard data analysis. This research study's findings reveal that salaried women have planned regular savings habits and an acceptable degree of knowledge about finances, but they continue to make minimal financial decisions about themselves. The chi-square test reveals a strongly significant relationship between financial knowledge and qualification of education, while age has no significant relationship with investment and saving behavior and financial decision making. The study concludes that need to improve women’s overall financial literacy, financial freedom, education and awareness programs, long-term financial health, and self-assurance activities.
Keywords: Financial Decision Making; Financial Empowerment; Financial Literacy; Junagadh City; Salaried Women
Journal: Milky Way Scientific Journal
Pages: 156-172
Volume: 2
Issue: 2
Year: 2026
Month: June
DOI: 10.65021/mwsj.v2.i2.36
File-URL: https://mwsjournal.com/index.php/mws/article/view/36
File-Function: Abstract page
File-Format: text/html
File-URL: https://mwsjournal.com/index.php/mws/article/download/36/15
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Handle: RePEc:gyr:mwsjou:v:2:y:2026:i:2:id:36

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anand Sagar Soni
Author-Name: Aman Kumar Buri
Title: Reliance Jio and the Transformation of the Indian Telecom Industry: An Analytical Approach to Predatory Pricing Charges
Publication-Status: Published
Abstract: Literature concerning the disruptive entry of Reliance Jio in India's telecommunications sector often does not measure the effect against the standard for predatory pricing, namely below-cost pricing along with an opportunity of recoupment within a legal-economic framework. This study measures whether Jio's behavior can be considered either disruptive competition or predatory pricing in an evolving industry structure by conducting a doctrinal and qualitative analysis of Competition Commission of India (CCI) orders, peer-reviewed papers and legal literature, and industry statistics from 2016-2025 through the use of the Areeda-Turner cost test and recoupment under competition law standards. The quantitative variables of subscriber base, market share, revenue of the sector, and exits of operators are tested together with the liberalization of interconnection charges, change in spectrum policy, and reductions in costs of handsets. While there is ample evidence of disruption and exit of competitors, there is not enough evidence of below-cost pricing and its success of recoupment, which is consistent with CCI's failure to establish both dominance and predatory pricing by Jio. The contribution of this research paper lies in the reframing of the Jio story from the perspective of the effectiveness of India’s dominance-based strategy in predatory pricing as compared to its treatment as a classic example of predatory pricing. The negative impact of predatory pricing on competitors is evaluated in terms of consumer welfare and digital inclusion.
Keywords: competition policy; industrial organization; market structure; predatory pricing; telecommunications economics
Journal: Milky Way Scientific Journal
Pages: 173-183
Volume: 2
Issue: 2
Year: 2026
Month: June
DOI: 10.65021/mwsj.v2.i2.42
File-URL: https://mwsjournal.com/index.php/mws/article/view/42
File-Function: Abstract page
File-Format: text/html
File-URL: https://mwsjournal.com/index.php/mws/article/download/42/16
File-Function: Full text
File-Format: application/pdf
Handle: RePEc:gyr:mwsjou:v:2:y:2026:i:2:id:42